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Английский язык. Зоотехния.

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Вариант1 Вариант2 Вариант3 Вариант4 Вариант5 

 

Вариант 1.

I. Поставьте данное предложение во все существующие видовременные формы:

           The gardener plants beautiful flowers.

II. Употребите правильную видовременную форму глагола в Passive Voice:

  1. Bread (to bake) from flour, yeast and water.
  2. His cow (to feed) properly, that’s why it didn’t produce a large supple of rich milk.
  3. Many cats and dogs (to take) away from their owners in the UK recently because of bad care.
  4. The dog (to operate) on when the vet heard some noise in the reception.
  5. Contour plowing (to use) soon to prevent soil erosion.
  6. Some rare flowers (to grow) in this region for many years.
  7. I knew that the cable (to hand) to the man by the electrician.

III. Преобразуйте действительную конструкцию в страдательную:

  1. Farmers breed dairy cows for milk.
  2. Many beekeepers have lost their bees because of the parasitic mite Varroa.
  3. You will always have honey on your table if you start keeping bees.
  4. Lightning performs some very useful services for a mankind.
  5. He is distributing fertilizers now.
  6. They paid all the foreign workers in local currency.
  7. The use of farm machines will have decreased the amount of human labour by the end of the year.

IV. Поставьте вопросы всех типов к данным предложениям:

  1. Most cereals are harvested by using a combine.
  2. During the 18th century farming was transformed by an agricultural revolution.
  3. His dog has been overfed with junk food.
  4. The issue of alternative energy sources is being studied by this Research Institute now.

V. Переведите на английский язык, используя различные видовременные формы глагола (Active, Passive):

  1. В течение жизни корова будет давать много молока.
  2. Люди едят молочные продукты каждый день.
  3. В местной булочной продается хлеб, приготовленный вручную.
  4. Эти животные были вакцинированы от многих болезней.
  5. Чем занимается профессиональный лесник?
  6. В исследовании отмечено, что в подобный анализ была включена теория спроса и предложения.
  7. В Соединенных Штатах электрики делятся на две основные категории.

VI. Работа с текстом:

  1. прочитайте и переведите текст письменно на русский язык;

Cattle

         All our domestic breeds of cattle are divided into 3 types: beef cattle, dairy cattle and dual-purpose cattle.

         The dairy cow differs from the beef type mainly in the amount of fleshing in the females and the development of udder.

         There exists a close relation between the form of an animal and its functions. The chief work of a dairy cow is to change field crops into dairy products and a calf. The ability of a cow to produce milk is its hereditary characteristic. The cow may be said to be a factory in which human food is manufactured from field crops. When the dairy cow is young she possesses the highest dairy value. The dairy value decreases with age. It is generally recognized that a dairy cow is at her best when she is about seven years old. The length of a dairy cow’s usefulness varies with different cow. The average duration of a dairy cow’s usefulness for dairy purposes is about 8 years. After 10 years the cow possesses only a beef value.

         Only healthy cow can produce good milk. In case of any unhealthy conditions of the cow its milk should not be used. The udder of the cow should be always clean at the time of milking. Clean milk can not be produced from the cows that are dirty. If the cow is healthy and clean the milk will be of high quality. To keep a steady supply of milk through the year the cows and heifers must not all calve in the same month. The development of a calf inside the cow takes 9 months from the time of mating to the birth of the calf. This period is called the period of gestation and during it the cow is said to be pregnant or in-calf.

         Several days before calving the cow must be separated and placed in the calving quarters. Box stalls must be disinfected and have clean bedding. After calving the cow is given some warm water. The calf is removed at once.

(b) составьте глоссарий (13-15 слов или словосочетаний терминологического характера с их значениями);

(c) поставьте 3-4 вопроса к тексту, раскрывающих его содержание.

 

VII. Найдите статью из интернет-газеты “The Daily Telegraph” (http: // telegraph.co. uk.) объемом в 2000 печ. знаков и переведите его письменно на русский язык.

Вариант 2.

I. Поставьте данное предложение во все существующие видовременные формы:

                The gardener plants beautiful flowers.

II. Употребите правильную видовременную форму глагола в Passive Voice:

  1. Bread (to bake) from flour, yeast and water.
  2. His cow (to feed) properly, that’s why it didn’t produce a large supple of rich milk.
  3. Many cats and dogs (to take) away from their owners in the UK recently because of bad care.
  4. The dog (to operate) on when the vet heard some noise in the reception.
  5. Contour plowing (to use) soon to prevent soil erosion.
  6. Some rare flowers (to grow) in this region for many years.
  7. I knew that the cable (to hand) to the man by the electrician.

III. Преобразуйте действительную конструкцию в страдательную:

  1. Farmers breed dairy cows for milk.
  2. Many beekeepers have lost their bees because of the parasitic mite Varroa.
  3. You will always have honey on your table if you start keeping bees.
  4. Lightning performs some very useful services for a mankind.
  5. He is distributing fertilizers now.
  6. They paid all the foreign workers in local currency.
  7. The use of farm machines will have decreased the amount of human labour by the end of the year.

IV. Поставьте вопросы всех типов к данным предложениям:

  1. Most cereals are harvested by using a combine.
  2. During the 18th century farming was transformed by an agricultural revolution.
  3. His dog has been overfed with junk food.
  4. The issue of alternative energy sources is being studied by this Research Institute now.

V. Переведите на английский язык, используя различные видовременные формы глагола (Active, Passive):

1. В течение жизни корова будет давать много молока.

2. Люди едят молочные продукты каждый день

3. В местной булочной продается хлеб, приготовленный вручную.

4. Эти животные были вакцинированы от многих болезней.

5. Чем занимается профессиональный лесник?

6. В исследовании отмечено, что  в подобный анализ была включена теория спроса и предложения.

7. В Соединенных Штатах электрики делятся на две основные категории.

 

VI. Работа с текстом:

  1. прочитайте и переведите текст письменно на русский язык;

                                                 Animal husbandry

         Agriculture provides people with food, feed and other useful products. All over the world farmers cultivate valuable plants and raise productive domesticated animals. There are two main branches in modern agriculture: crop production (or crop farming) and animal husbandry (or animal farming).

         In many countries nowadays people are still relying on meat, milk and eggs as main food products. Therefore, both breeders and farmers have already bred and are still breeding highly productive agricultural animals. Animal farming is a process in which a farmer breeds, raises and cares for livestock either for commerce or private use.

         The word “livestock” refers to domesticated animals such as beef and dairy cattle, sheep, goat, swine, horse, donkey and mule, buffalo, ox, rabbit or “exotic” animals, for example, camels, emus, ostriches, or any animal which a farmer keeps and uses either for food or pleasure. Sometimes animal scientists also include poultry such as chickens, ducks, geese and turkeys but they include neither honey bees nor fish within the term “livestock”. However, poultry farming and beekeeping are important branches of agriculture as well as aquaculture.

         There are over a hundred large land mammals in the world but a man has domesticated only few types into livestock. There are two main requirements for domestication of mammals: 1) the availability of feed which a farmer can easily control and provide; 2) a rapid rate of reproduction. As cattle, sheep and horses are herbivorous mammals, and farmers try to keep these domestic animals on pastures. However, farmers often grow either cereals or other agricultural crops as additional feed for their animals. Such ruminants as cattle, sheep and goats are important for individuals because they convert large quantities of grasses or other types of feeds into meat, milk and wool. Poultry also convert feed efficiently into protein.

 (b) составьте глоссарий (13-15 слов или словосочетаний терминологического характера с их значениями);

(c) поставьте 3-4 вопроса к тексту, раскрывающих его содержание.

 

VII. Найдите статью из интернет-газеты “The Daily Telegraph” (http: // telegraph.co. uk.) объемом в 2000 печ. знаков и переведите его письменно на русский язык.

Вариант 3.

I. Поставьте данное предложение во все существующие видовременные формы:

                The gardener plants beautiful flowers.

II. Употребите правильную видовременную форму глагола в Passive Voice:

  1. Bread (to bake) from flour, yeast and water.
  2. His cow (to feed) properly, that’s why it didn’t produce a large supple of rich milk.
  3. Many cats and dogs (to take) away from their owners in the UK recently because of bad care.
  4. The dog (to operate) on when the vet heard some noise in the reception.
  5. Contour plowing (to use) soon to prevent soil erosion.
  6. Some rare flowers (to grow) in this region for many years.
  7. I knew that the cable (to hand) to the man by the electrician.

III. Преобразуйте действительную конструкцию в страдательную:

  1. Farmers breed dairy cows for milk.
  2. Many beekeepers have lost their bees because of the parasitic mite Varroa.
  3. You will always have honey on your table if you start keeping bees.
  4. Lightning performs some very useful services for a mankind.
  5. He is distributing fertilizers now.
  6. They paid all the foreign workers in local currency.
  7. The use of farm machines will have decreased the amount of human labour by the end of the year.

IV. Поставьте вопросы всех типов к данным предложениям:

  1. Most cereals are harvested by using a combine.
  2. During the 18th century farming was transformed by an agricultural revolution.
  3. His dog has been overfed with junk food.
  4. The issue of alternative energy sources is being studied by this Research Institute now.

V. Переведите на английский язык, используя различные видовременные формы глагола (Active, Passive):

  1. В течение жизни корова будет давать много молока.
  2. Люди едят молочные продукты каждый день
  3. В местной булочной продается хлеб, приготовленный вручную.
  4. Эти животные были вакцинированы от многих болезней.
  5. Чем занимается профессиональный лесник?
  6. В исследовании отмечено, что в подобный анализ была включена теория спроса и предложения.
  7. В Соединенных Штатах электрики делятся на две основные категории.

VI. Работа с текстом:

  1. прочитайте и переведите текст письменно на русский язык;

Animal feeds

         Animal feeds include any feedstuff which is grown or developed for livestock and poultry. The main aim of a farmer is to provide animals with as highly nutritional diets as possible in order to maintain them healthy and ensure the quality of such final animal products as meat, milk, or eggs. Even today the problem of feeds is still a subject of study for agricultural scientists.

         Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and vitamins are known as the basic nutrients that animals require for growth, reproduction, and good health, but the amount of these substances varies greatly with the type of feed.

         Animal feeds are classified according to: 1) the origin, that is, plant or animal origin of feeds; 2) the chemical composition, such as high-protein, high-fibre, high-moisture etc; 3) the nutritional value, as concentrates and bulky feeds.

         Generally, animal feeds may be classified into two large groups: concentrates and roughages. The former are higher in energy value than the latter and are subdivided into the following types: 1) cereal grains such as wheat, corn (maize), oats, rye, barley and their by-products which remain after grain has been processed for human use, 2) high-protein oil meals or cakes from soybeans, sorghum, 3) by-products from processing of sugar beets, 4) animal and fish by-products. Roughages include such feeds as: 1) green roughages (clover, timothy, other pasture grasses and legumes; 2) dry roughages or fodder (hays, straws); 3) silage; 4) root crops. Green forage grasses, silage and roots comprise a group of succulent feeds which are high in moisture. Concentrates are valuable in feeding all classes of animals as they have a high food value relative to volume, that is, they are rich in both protein and carbohydrates as well, they contain a number of microelements, mineral and vitamins.

(b) составьте глоссарий (13-15 слов или словосочетаний терминологического характера с их значениями);

(c) поставьте 3-4 вопроса к тексту, раскрывающих его содержание.

 

VII. Найдите статью из интернет-газеты “The Daily Telegraph” (http: // telegraph.co. uk.) объемом в 2000 печ. знаков и переведите его письменно на русский язык.

Вариант 4.

I. Поставьте данное предложение во все существующие видовременные формы:

                The gardener plants beautiful flowers.

 

II. Употребите правильную видовременную форму глагола в Passive Voice:

  1. Bread (to bake) from flour, yeast and water.
  2. His cow (to feed) properly, that’s why it didn’t produce a large supple of rich milk.
  3. Many cats and dogs (to take) away from their owners in the UK recently because of bad care.
  4. The dog (to operate) on when the vet heard some noise in the reception.
  5. Contour plowing (to use) soon to prevent soil erosion.
  6. Some rare flowers (to grow) in this region for many years.
  7. I knew that the cable (to hand) to the man by the electrician.

III. Преобразуйте действительную конструкцию в страдательную:

  1. Farmers breed dairy cows for milk.
  2. Many beekeepers have lost their bees because of the parasitic mite Varroa.
  3. You will always have honey on your table if you start keeping bees.
  4. Lightning performs some very useful services for a mankind.
  5. He is distributing fertilizers now.
  6. They paid all the foreign workers in local currency.
  7. The use of farm machines will have decreased the amount of human labour by the end of the year.

IV. Поставьте вопросы всех типов к данным предложениям:

  1. Most cereals are harvested by using a combine.
  2. During the 18th century farming was transformed by an agricultural revolution.
  3. His dog has been overfed with junk food.
  4. The issue of alternative energy sources is being studied by this Research Institute now.

V. Переведите на английский язык, используя различные видовременные формы глагола (Active, Passive):

  1. В течение жизни корова будет давать много молока.
  2. Люди едят молочные продукты каждый день
  3. В местной булочной продается хлеб, приготовленный вручную.
  4. Эти животные были вакцинированы от многих болезней.
  5. Чем занимается профессиональный лесник?
  6. В исследовании отмечено, что  в подобный анализ была включена теория спроса и предложения.
  7. В Соединенных Штатах электрики делятся на две основные категории.

 

VI. Работа с текстом:

  1. прочитайте и переведите текст письменно на русский язык;

The importance of animal husbandry        

In many countries people are still relying on meat, milk and eggs as main sources of food.  Both breeders and farmers have already bred and are still breeding highly productive agricultural animals. Animal farming is a process in which a farmer breeds, raises and cares for livestock either for commerce or private use.

         Historically, livestock and poultry have provided the following benefits to humanity: meat, eggs, dairy products, raw materials, fertilizer, labour, management of land.

  1. Meat and eggs. In many countries livestock replaced wild game as the main source of animal protein because only livestock convert various food sources into human food. Poultry provide people with white meat as well as with eggs.
  2. Dairy products. People process milk of cows, sheep, and goats into a variety of valuable dairy products such as yoghurt, cheese, butter, ice cream, kefir, and koumiss.
  3. Raw materials. Livestock produce useful raw materials, for example, horses and cows provide leather, poultry produce feather and down, sheep and goats provide wool for textile industry.
  4. Fertilizer. Livestock leave behind manure which farmers spread on fields and this increases yields of crops many times. Historically, plant and animal farming have been closely linked.
  5. Labour. In modern agriculture neither cattle nor horses are the main source of mechanical energy. However, in some poor countries people are still using livestock as draft cattle.
  6. Management of land. Sometimes farmers use the grazing of livestock as a way to control weeds.

When a farmer is planning to rear livestock, he usually chooses the most suitable type for the local conditions. Both climate and type of land, as well as local traditions influence a farmer’s choice.

(b) составьте глоссарий (13-15 слов или словосочетаний терминологического характера с их значениями);

(c) поставьте 3-4 вопроса к тексту, раскрывающих его содержание.

 

VII. Найдите статью из интернет-газеты “The Daily Telegraph” (http: // telegraph.co. uk.) объемом в 2000 печ. знаков и переведите его письменно на русский язык.

Вариант 5.

I. Поставьте данное предложение во все существующие видовременные формы:

                The gardener plants beautiful flowers.

II. Употребите правильную видовременную форму глагола в Passive Voice:

  1. Bread (to bake) from flour, yeast and water.
  2. His cow (to feed) properly, that’s why it didn’t produce a large supple of rich milk.
  3. Many cats and dogs (to take) away from their owners in the UK recently because of bad care.
  4. The dog (to operate) on when the vet heard some noise in the reception.
  5. Contour plowing (to use) soon to prevent soil erosion.
  6. Some rare flowers (to grow) in this region for many years.
  7. I knew that the cable (to hand) to the man by the electrician.

III. Преобразуйте действительную конструкцию в страдательную:

  1. Farmers breed dairy cows for milk.
  2. Many beekeepers have lost their bees because of the parasitic mite Varroa.
  3. You will always have honey on your table if you start keeping bees.
  4. Lightning performs some very useful services for a mankind.
  5. He is distributing fertilizers now.
  6. They paid all the foreign workers in local currency.
  7. The use of farm machines will have decreased the amount of human labour by the end of the year.

IV. Поставьте вопросы всех типов к данным предложениям:

  1. Most cereals are harvested by using a combine.
  2. During the 18th century farming was transformed by an agricultural revolution.
  3. His dog has been overfed with junk food.
  4. The issue of alternative energy sources is being studied by this Research Institute now.

V. Переведите на английский язык, используя различные видовременные формы глагола (Active, Passive):

  1. В течение жизни корова будет давать много молока.
  2. Люди едят молочные продукты каждый день
  3. В местной булочной продается хлеб, приготовленный вручную.
  4. Эти животные были вакцинированы от многих болезней.
  5. Чем занимается профессиональный лесник?
  6. В исследовании отмечено, что в подобный анализ была включена теория спроса и предложения.
  7. В Соединенных Штатах электрики делятся на две основные категории.

 

VI. Работа с текстом:

  1. прочитайте и переведите текст письменно на русский язык;

Animal breeding

         The aim of farm animals breeding is to improve qualities which are considered desirable by humans. Long before the scientific principles to the selection of superior animals were developed and the planning of mating combinations was introduced in practice, all species of farm animals were subjected to selective breeding to some extent. At present, in order to modify livestock and poultry and control propagation of domestic animals, breeding procedures involve the application of several basic sciences, mainly reproductive physiology, genetics and statistics.

         Animals are bred for utility, sport, pleasure, and research. The purposes of animal breeding vary with regard to species, local conditions, and time. For instance, early in history horses were bred mainly for riding and as draft animals; and nowadays horses are being bred for sport (racing and hunting).

         At present, farmers are using special breeding programmes in order to maintain herds and flocks of higher genetic merit. These programmes include such steps as: 1) the estimation of the breeding value of animals; 2) thorough selection of animals for breeding; 3) the application of one of the mating systems.

         Special studbooks and herdbooks are maintained by government or private associations or breeding organizations in many countries for the purpose of recording animal pedigree. Studbooks are official records of the pedigree of purebred animals, particularly horses and dogs. Herdbooks are official records of individuals and pedigrees of well-known breeds of livestock, especially cattle or swine. In modern livestock trade, farmers will rely on the record of an individual animal’s ancestors as a decisive factor of its market value.

 (b) составьте глоссарий (13-15 слов или словосочетаний терминологического характера с их значениями);

(c) поставьте 3-4 вопроса к тексту, раскрывающих его содержание.

 

VII. Найдите статью из интернет-газеты “The Daily Telegraph” (http: // telegraph.co. uk.) объемом в 2000 печ. знаков и переведите его письменно на русский язык.

 

Автор страницы: admin