Иностранные языки → Английский язык
Артикул: иняз52-1
Автор решения: admin
в каталог Вариант № 1 I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием…
Вариант № 1
I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, то есть служит ли оно:
а) показателем 3-его лица единственного числа глагола в простом настоящем времени (Present Simple)
б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного
в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Agricultural machines plow, sow, cultivate and harvest crops.
2. The gearbox provides eight forward speeds and four reverse speeds.
3. The horse – drawn plow makes only one furrow, Bill’s machine makes three.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, подчеркните эти формы, переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The simplest method of lubricating an engine is to mix the oil with the petrol.
2. Our industry produces faster and more powerful tractors.
3. The better you maintain the tractor, the longer it will work.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения: подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.
a) 1. The conversion of potential energy into mechanical energy takes place in the cylinder.
2. Modern agriculture is developing in close contact with science and mechanization plays an important part in it.
3. Man has done much to adapt crops to the soil and to provide various kinds of fertilizers.
б) 1. The piston is attached to the connecting rod by a pin.
2. Much work had been done for improving soil fertility on this farm.
3. The seed – bed is being properly cultivated with the help of this harrow.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения: подчеркните Participle I (причастие I) и Participle II (причастие II) и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The type of engine used to power the tractor is an internal combustion engine.
2. The purpose of the transmission system of a tractor is to transmit the power produced by the engine to the rear wheels.
3. As the oil enters the crankcase with the petrol and air, droplets settle on the connecting rod and main bearings.
4. To raise the level of mechanization of the vegetables production, including potatoes, fruit and livestock production is our interest.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. How can liquid fuel be changed into rotational mechanical energy?
2. A lubricant often has to perform many duties, in addition to its fundamental job of reducing friction and wear.
3. Tyres should be replaced before they wear down completely.
4. The coulter is to make a vertical cut and divide the soil that is raised by the share from the unplowed land.
VI. Перепишите предложения, переведите, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива.
1. One of the last field operation to be used by tractor was row crop cultivation.
2. These machines were maneuverable enough to replace horses in cultivating row crops.
3. Never attempt to disassemble or adjust the fuel equipment in field conditions.
4. To obtain a perfect seal between the piston and the cylinder wall, spring rings are fitted to the piston.
VII. Перепишите предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию слова one:
1. To cultivate crops one must use harrows and weeders.
2. The horse – drawn plow makes only one furrow.
VIII. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
Automobile Production
Specialists in automobile industry deal with designing and manufacturing cars, so they should know that the production of the automobile comprises the following phases: 1) designing, 2) working out the technology of manufacturing processes, 3) laboratory tests, 4) road tests, 5) mass production (manufacturing).
Why is it necessary to know all these facts? It is important to know these facts as before the automobile (car or truck) is put into mass production, it should be properly designed and the automobile must meet up-to-date requirements.
What are these requirements? The automobile must have high efficiency, long service life, driving safety, case of maintenance and pleasant appearance. In order to obtain all these qualities engineers should develop up-to-date methods of designing cars, using new types of resistant to corrosion light materials. Also it is important to know computer science because it is intended to shorten the time between designing and manufacturing. Computers offer quick and optimal solutions of problems.
But before the car is put into mass production all its units and mechanisms are subjected to tests, first in the plant’s laboratory, then the car undergoes a rigid quality control in road tests. Only then the car is put into mass production.
Why are these tests required? What qualities are required of the automobile? The modern automobile must be rapid in acceleration, must have smooth acting clutch, silent gearbox, dependable brakes and steering system, as well as pleasant appearance. Also it must be comfortable and have all conveniences.
IX. Найдите эквиваленты в тексте и в контрольных заданиях к следующим словам и выражениям:
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