Вариант IV   I. Перепишите предложения. Определите, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это…

Вариант IV

 

I. Перепишите предложения. Определите, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет:

а) показатель 3^-го лица единственного числа глагола в простом настоящем времени (Present Simple);

б) признак множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Предложения переведите:

1. The first mention of the city on the Moskva-river dates back to 1147.
2. The doors of the Udmurt Opera and Ballet Theater are always open to the citizens and to the guests of Izhevsk.
3. Both Russian and Udmurt artists take part in performances of the National Drama Theater.

 

 

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, подчеркните эти формы и переведите предложения:

1. The Volga Hydro-Electric Power Station is the biggest in Europe.
2. The more experiments we carry out, the more data we obtain.
3. St. Petersburg is one of the most beautiful cities of Russia.
4. The greater the number of free electrons in a substance, the better that substance conducts electricity.

 

III. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол сказуемое и определите его видовременную и залоговую форму. Предложения переведите:

1. 1. Quantum mechanics has greatly influenced on the nuclear theory.

2. The problem of the structure of matter is constantly occupying the minds of many    scientists.

b)  1. Today many polymeric materials are produced on a massive scale.

     2. Many compounds can be decomposed when they are acted upon by different forms of    energy.

     3. The mechanic asked me if the car had been damaged.

      4. Automation is being increasingly used in all branches of industry.

 

IV. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните причастия, установите функцию каждого из них, переведите предложения:

1. Natural rubber is a thermoplastic material that becomes soft when heated and hard when cooled.

2. The explanation given was not complete.

3. The smallest particle having all the characteristics of an element is called an atom.

4. Having obtained the necessary results they stopped their experimental work.

 

V. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните в каждом модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения:

1. Heat can be divided into three different types.
2. A great number of plastics should find their applications in the electrical industry.
3. The step-down transformer had to be used in this process.
4. The existence of an X-ray laser in the future may be possible.

 

VI. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив, установите его функцию и переведите предложения:

1. To design of new buildings is the work of an architect.
2. To measures volumes we must know the dimensions of a body.
3. Our plant was the first to install the automatic equipment.

 

 

VII. Перепишите предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию слова one:

1. One understands the importance of electricity when one sees trams, trolley-buses and trains driven by it.

2. This is more important problem than that one.

 

VIII. Письменно переведите текст, обращая внимание на пояснения к тексту:

 

The transformer

A transformer cannot be called a machine for it has no moving parts. We know the transformer to be an apparatus designed for changing voltages and currents by means of magnetic induction.

A two-winding transformer is consist of two coils so arranged that the magnetic lines of force of one coil pass through the other. Transformers is generally used only with alternating current. The alternating current in one coil induces an e.m.f. in the other one because of the alternations in the value of the current in the first coil.

In order to strengthen the magnetic field passing through the coils of a transformer, a closed core of iron is generally used. The iron provides a good path for the magnetic lines of force and nearly all the lines of force from one coil pass through the other. An ideal transformer has no load losses. It means that all the lines of force of one coil pass through the other, and vice versa. However, the ordinary transformer is supposed to have no load losses.

The coil on which the current is impressed on the input side of the transformer is called the primary, while the one from which the induced current is obtained on the output side is called the secondary. In case the secondary has more turns than the primary, the output voltage is larger than the input voltage and the transformer is called a step – up when transformer.

The secondary has fewer turns than the primary the transformer is called a step-down transformer.

If the same number of magnetic lines of force pass through two-coils, the ration of the e.m.f. induced in the two coils is proportional to the ratio of the number of turns in the two coils. In the transformer this means that the e.m.f. in the secondary is to e.m.f. in the primary as the number of turns in the secondary is to the number of turns the primary.

 

Пояснения к тексту:

by means of – при помощи, посредством

because of – из-за, вследствие

in order to – для того, чтобы

it means – это значит

however – однако

in case – в случае, если

the e.m.f. in the secondary is to e.m.f. in the primary – э.д.с. во вторичной так относится к э.д.с. первичной

vice versa – наоборот

the number of – количество

 

IX. Переведите следующие технические термины и словосочетания:

 

alternating voltage	secondary coil of a transformer
magnetic induction	input voltage
magnetic line of force	output voltage
value of current	number of turns in a coil
core of iron	step-up transformer
non-load losses	step-down transformer
primary coil of a transformer

 

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