Вариант II   I. Перепишите предложения. Определите какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это…

Вариант II

 

I. Перепишите предложения. Определите какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет:

а) показатель 3^-го лица единственного числа глагола в простом настоящем времени (Present Simple);

б) признак множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Предложения переведите:

1. China exports a great variety of goods.
2. She showed me her mother’s gloves.
3. The inhabitants of St. Petersburg are fond of their city.

 

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, подчеркните эти формы и переведите предложения:

1. Mathematics is the most difficult subject for me.
2. The more I thought of that plan, the less I liked it.
3. Your translation is better than mine.
4. The shorter the wire, the less it’s resistance to current flow.

 

III. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол сказуемое и определите его видовременную и залоговую форму. Предложения переведите:

1. 1. Today scientists are still looking for the substance as source of energy.

2. The Mendeleyev system has served for almost 100 years as a key to discovering new elements.

b) 1.  Synthetic rubber products were developed between 1914 and the 1930s.

    2.  The intensity of this process is influenced by many factors.

    3.  The work was being done all the day yesterday.

    4.  The new apparatus had already been installed when the delegation arrived.

 

IV. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните причастия, установите функцию каждого из них, переведите предложения:

1. Molecular crystals are solids constructed of molecules held together by relatively weak forces.

2. A body moving with a certain velocity carries within itself the kinetic energy of motion.

3. While absorbing the energy of cosmic rays the upper atmosphere becomes radioactive.

4. Unless properly treated the metal must not be applied for space technology.

 

V. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните в каждом модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения:

1. Energy can exist in many forms and each form can be transformed into the other.
2. The computers should become an integral part of organization of industrial processes of all types.
3. These metal parts had to be subjected to X-ray examination.
4. The chemists may use the reactor to analyze various substances for their exact composition.

 

VI. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив, установите его функцию и переведите предложения:

1. The teacher told her students to learn the poem by heart.
2. Our country was the first state to send a human being into space.
3. To translate a sentence is to discover its meaning.
4. People of good will all over the world are uniting to protect the environment.

 

VII. Перепишите предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию слова one:

1. One never knows what may happen.
2. These texts are too long, we need shorter ones.

 

VIII. Письменно переведите текст, обращая внимание на пояснения к тексту:

 

Electric circuit

The electric circuit is a complete path which carries the current from the source of supply to the load and then carries it again from the load to the source.

The current may pass through solid conductors, liquids, gases, vacuums or any combinations of these. It may flow over transmission lines from the power station, through transformers, cables and switches, through lamps, heaters, motors and so on, back through other switches, transformers and transmission lines to the generator in the power station.

There are many kinds of circuits, such as open circuits, series circuits, parallel circuits and short circuits. If the circuit is broken or, as we generally say, “opened” anywhere, the current stops everywhere. Hence, we break the circuit when we switch off our electric devices. The path along which electrons travel must be complete or no electric power can be supplied to the load from the source. Thus, we close the circuit when we switch on our electric lamp.

When electrical devices are connected so that the current is not divided at any point, they are connected in series. Under such conditions the current is the same in all parts of the circuit. Quite the opposite, the parallel circuit provides two or more paths for the passage of current. We know this circuit to be divided in such a way that part of the current goes through one path and part through another.

We produce a short circuit or, as we sometimes call it, “the short” when we allow the current to return to the source of supply without control and without doing the work.

It is interesting to note that some substances like metals, for example, conduct electricity with ease; on the contrary, others, such as rubber, do not allow it to move freely. Thus, we obtain conductors and insulators.

 

Пояснения к тексту:

to pass through – проходить, протекать через что-либо

hence – следовательно

thus – таким образом

under such conditions – при таких условиях

quite the opposite – совсем наоборот

in such a way – таким образом

for example – например

with ease – легко

on the contrary – наоборот

of course – конечно

e.m.f. – э.д.с.

 

IX. Переведите следующие технические термины и словосочетания:

 

source of supply	electric circuit
transmission line	open circuit
power station	closed circuit
electrical device	series circuit
electric power	parallel circuit
to switch on (off)	short circuit
to conduct electricity

 

<в начало

<в каталог (мет. Неустроевой С.Е.)