Контрольная работа №1. X вариант. I.  Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим…

Контрольная работа №1.

X вариант.

I.  Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим                  признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т. е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3 лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

г) Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The “Big Ben” clock weighs 13, 5 tons.
2. Farmers use many natural resources, such as soil, sunshine, water and air.
3. Ann’s friends are on the farm now.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения.

1. The Volga is longer than the Kama.
2. Oil is lighter than water.
3. New discoveries and farming techniques make agriculture more productive, efficient, and    friendly to the environment.
4. His work is not as difficult as mine.
5. The more experiments we carry out, the more data we obtain.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. Anyone can may a mistake.
2. You may go when you’ve finished.
3. People should treat each other better.
4. Her English is very poor, she must study very hard.
5. He read everything on the subject he could find in the rich university library.

IV. Перепишите  следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский.

1. Modern agriculture depends heavily on engineering and technology.
2. We will make the final decision when we all finish reading the report.
3. It was raining when we left the building.
4. We’ll be discussing this question tomorrow morning.
5. Have you already had lunch?

V. Заполните бланк.

.......................................

VI. Переведите текст.

Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. He was the fifth child and second son of Robert Waring Darwin and Susannah Wedgwood. Darwin was the British naturalist who became famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection. Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved (developed gradually) over millions of years from a few common ancestors.

From 1831 to 1836 Darwin served as naturalist aboard the H.M.S. Beagle on a British science expedition around the world. In South America Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that were similar to modern species. On the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean he noticed many variations among plants and animals of the same general type as those in South America. The expedition visited places around the world and Darwin studied plants and animals everywhere he went, collecting specimens for further study.

Upon his return to London Darwin conducted thorough research of his notes and specimens. Out of this study grew several related theories: one, evolution did occur; two, evolutionary change was gradual, requiring thousands to millions of years; three, the primary mechanism for evolution was a process called natural selection; and four, the millions of species alive today arose from a single original life form through a branching process called "specialization."

Darwin's theory of evolutionary selection holds that variation within species occurs randomly and that the survival or extinction of each organism is determined by that organism's ability to adapt to its environment. He set these theories forth in his book called, "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life" (1859) or "The Origin of Species" for short. After publication of Origin of Species, Darwin continued to write on botany, geology, and zoology until his death in 1882. He is buried in Westminster Abbey.

Darwin's work had a tremendous impact on religious thought. Many people strongly opposed the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religious convictions. Darwin avoided talking about the theological and sociological aspects of his work, but other writers used his theories to support their own theories about society. Darwin was a reserved, thorough, hard working scholar who concerned himself with the feelings and emotions not only of his family, but friends and peers as well.

It has been supposed that Darwin renounced evolution on his deathbed. Shortly after his death, temperance campaigner and evangelist Lady Elizabeth Hope claimed she visited Darwin at his deathbed, and witnessed the renunciation. Her story was printed in a Boston newspaper and subsequently spread. Lady Hope's story was refuted by Darwin's daughter Henrietta who stated, "I was present at his deathbed ... He never recanted any of his scientific views, either then or earlier."